Pancreatitis is a condition in which the pancreas, a gland located behind the stomach, becomes inflamed. The pancreas produces enzymes that help digest food and hormones that help regulate blood sugar levels. Pancreatitis can be acute, meaning it develops suddenly and lasts for a short time, or chronic, meaning it develops over time and can last for months or years. The most common cause of acute pancreatitis is the consumption of alcohol, although other factors such as gallstones and high levels of triglycerides in the blood can also contribute. Symptoms of pancreatitis include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and fever. In severe cases, pancreatitis can lead to organ failure and death. Treatment for pancreatitis often involves hospitalization to provide supportive care such as pain management and fluid and electrolyte replacement. If alcohol is the cause of the pancreatitis, complete abstinence from alcohol is necessary for recovery and to prevent future episodes. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove gallstones or drain abscesses. Chronic pancreatitis may require enzyme supplements and careful management of diet and lifestyle.
